For vector:
sf::st_crs : get the CRS
sf::st_crs("ESPG::4326")$input : how the user specified the CRS
sf::st_crs("ESPG:4326")$wkt : WKT, use cat()
sf::st_set_crs # is a convenient function
## function (x, value)
## {
## st_crs(x) = value
## x
## }
## <bytecode: 0x564e48cba7c0>
## <environment: namespace:sf>
Raster:
terra::crs(my_rast) = "EPSG:26912"
Attention!: Setting does not alter coordinates values or geometries
You can also directly specify CRS with crs argument in sf::st_crs()/ sf::st_as_asf() and terra::rast()