11.2 How to set the hypotheses
Null Hypothesis (H0): This is the default assumption or statement that there is no effect or no difference. It represents the status quo.Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): This is the statement you want to test, suggesting that there is an effect or a difference.
\[\left\{\begin{matrix} H_0 & \text{Null Hypothesis} \\ H_a & \text{Alternative Hypothesis} \end{matrix}\right.\]
Setting a threshold:
- One side
\[\left\{\begin{matrix}
H_0 & \alpha \leq 0.05 \\
H_a & \alpha > 0.5
\end{matrix}\right.\]
- Two sides
\[\left\{\begin{matrix}
H_0 & \alpha = 0.05 \\
H_a & \alpha \neq 0.05
\end{matrix}\right.\]
